Anaheim, California is the second largest city in Orange County with a 1990 Census population of 266,406 and with an area of 48.2 square miles. The city is located 30 miles southeast of Los Angeles and is 13 miles from the Pacific Ocean. Anaheim has many parks totalling 480 acres, golf courses, community center facilities, a convention center and most notably, Disneyland. The City's leading industries are tourism, recreation, hospitality, health care and information technology/telecommunications.
In Fiscal Year 1995, Anaheim will have $4,992,000 in Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) Entitlement program funds, $250,000 in Program Income, $1,319,000 in HOME program funds and $136,000 in Emergency Shelter Grant (ESG) program funds, totalling $6,697,000 for the Consolidated Plan. These funds will be spent primarily on housing rehabilitation, rental assistance, code enforcement, economic development, public facilities and improvements, homeless activities, planning and various social services.
The lead agency responsible for the preparation and implementation of the
Consolidated Plan is the City of Anaheim Redevelopment Agency. During the
planning process, the City held 17 public meetings, including two public
hearings, attended by citizens, City staff, community groups, and
non-profits. The City of Anaheim revised its Citizen Participation Plan during
the planning process so that it would include the Consolidated Plan to further
expand its community outreach efforts. No written public comments were received
on the Consolidated Plan during the 30-day public review period. However, the
City received several requests to mail out copies of the plan.
Anaheim's 1995 population is estimated at 294,629 a 10.6% increase from 1990. However, from 1970 to 1980, the population increased by 32%, and increased by 21% from 1980 to 1990, so the growth rate is decreasing. Since 1990, the population growth rate has continued to decrease, due to prolonged recession and the impact of the cost of housing in Orange County. Future growth in the City's population will probably be primarily due to the growth of family sizes of the immigrants who are now established in the City, and to new residential development in the Mountain Park and Cypress Canyon Specific Plan areas, as well as ranches in the hill and canyon areas.
Of the City's 93,177 households in 1990, 55% were family households, 20% were single residents and 6% were seniors. Anaheim is a racially and ethnically diverse community with whites comprising 57% of the population, Hispanics comprising 31%, Asian Americans comprising 9%, African Americans comprising 2% and Native Americans/Other comprising the remaining 1%. In nine of the City's census tracts, minorities make up 50% or more of the population.
In 1990, Anaheim's Median Family Income (MFI) was $43,133 which is about 19%
less than the Area Median Family Income for the Anaheim-Santa Ana Metropolitan
Statistical Area (MSA) of $51,269. Based on the Area MFI ($51,269), an
extremely low income family in the City of Anaheim would have an annual income
of $15,381 or less. A low income family would earn between $15,382 and $25,635
annually. Moderate income families would have annual incomes ranging from
$25,636 to $41,015. Middle income families would earn $41,016 to $48706
annually. According to the 1990 Census, 27,933 Anaheim residents have incomes
below the poverty level. Of all the City's households, 24% are extremely low or
low income and 12% are moderate income. In sixteen of the City's census tracts,
persons earning less than 80% of MFI comprise 50% or more of the population.
Nine of these tracts also have concentrations of minorities.
Housing Market Conditions
The 1990 Census reported that Anaheim had a housing stock of 93,177 units with a vacancy rate of 8.2%. The median selling price in February 1995 for existing single-family homes ranged from $145,000 to $175,000. The median sales price for existing condominiums ranged from $65,000 to $165,000. This represents a decline of between seven and ten percent of their peak value in 1990. In December 1993, market rents for a one-bedroom unit was $650, $800 for a two-bedroom unit, $1,000 for a three-bedroom unit and $1,200 for a four bedroom-unit.
According to the 1990 Census, 11,010 renter-households and 2,830 owner-households in Anaheim were overcrowded, representing 15.8% of the total occupied units (87,588) in the City. Overcrowding is generally indicative of a failure in the housing market to provide affordable and adequately sized housing and tends to occur in multi-family housing area in need of rehabilitation.
The housing stock in Anaheim is relatively new when compared to the nation's stock as a whole. This is generally true of southern California's housing stock as the area grew most rapidly in the post World War II era and even more significantly with the advent of the service, computer and telecommunications industries growing, expanding and basing many plants and offices in southern California. As of the 1990 Census, the median year for construction of housing units is 1968. Since 1990, an additional 4,219 units have been added to the total housing stock.
According to the City of Anaheim, no definitive information is available on the number of housing units in the City which fail to meet Uniform Building Code Standards. However, City staff estimates that less than 5% of both owner-occupied and renter-occupied housing units do not meet the requirements of the Uniform Building Code but are both financially and structurally feasible for rehabilitation. About 1% of the total of both the rental housing stock and owner- occupied housing stock are estimated to be in such poor condition that they should be replaced.
Among extremely low-income rental households, 89% experienced one or more housing problems in 1990, including 78% with a severe housing cost burden. Within this income category, large families had a disproportionate need for housing assistance with almost all (98%) experiencing one or more housing problems including 92% who had cost burdens. Elderly renters had a disproportionate share need for housing assistance (87%) than elderly owners (62%).
Within the low-income group, renter-households had a disproportionate need for assistance compared to owner-households. A disproportionate housing assistance need also exists among lower income Hispanic non-elderly owner-households, as well as among Black elderly renter- households and Black small family owner-households. A significant portion (82%) of the City's low income households experienced one or more housing problems in 1990 including 77% with housing cost burdens.
For moderate income households, 72% had experienced one or more housing problems in 1990, and 57% had housing cost burdens.
Approximately 17% of all renter-households are extremely low income. The average rent (April 1993) for a three-bedroom apartment was $936 which is lower than the HUD-established fair market rent of $1,050 for a three-bedroom unit. However, this rental rate is still beyond the financial means of an extremely low income household.
The City has a tight affordable housing market for home ownership. There were few vacant for sale units affordable to low and moderate income households. Rental units affordable to lower income renter-households, especially those with extremely low income, were very limited as well
As mentioned in the "Employment Trends" section of the Consolidated Plan, the Orange County Chief Administrative Officer's Forecast and Analysis Center has projected an increase of 35,326 persons and 8,221 housing units in Anaheim between 1995 and 2000. Overall, the City's population and housing stock are projected to reach 329,955 persons and 104,758 units in 2000. Although new units will be added to Anaheim's overall housing stock, it does not appear that the projected number of units will necessarily keep pace with the growth in Anaheim's population. Further, many of these new units will not be affordable to low and moderate income households due to high land acquisition and construction costs which translate into higher new home prices as well as higher rents.
The only empirically based estimate of the number of homeless in Anaheim is the shelter and street enumeration (S-Night) provided by the 1990 Census. The S-Night enumeration took place on a single night, the evening of March 20, 1990 to the early morning of March 21. 1990, and the count was 512 homeless in the City of Anaheim. However, based on reported statistics and data collected through interviews with service providers in Anaheim, City staff estimated in 1992 that there were between 1,000 and 1,500 homeless persons in the City of Anaheim.
According to a survey of homeless needs conducted by the Orange County Homeless Issues Task Force, over 50% of the respondents indicated they needed help with the following (ranked in descending order): affordable housing; finding a job; first month's rent; transportation; and job training. A report issued by the County of Orange Health Care Agency's Office of Policy and Planning Coordination indicated that the greatest needs of the homeless are rental assistance in the form of security deposits, emergency utility assistance, job referral/training/education and assistance with basic life skills such as budgeting and grocery shopping.
There are various sub-populations of the homeless that need special assistance: the severely mentally ill; those with substance abuse problems; victims of domestic violence; and those infected with HIV/AIDS.
The population "at risk" of becoming homeless is comprised of low and moderate income families and individuals who, upon loss of employment, would lose their housing. Often these households are paying more than 30% of their income for housing. According to the 1990 Census, 87% of the City's extremely low income renter-households and 67% of its low income renter-households were paying more than 30% of their income for housing.
With regard to public housing, the City of Anaheim has no public housing units. With regard to assisted housing, the need for rental assistance in Anaheim far exceeds the resources. There are approximately 12,000 households on the waiting list for Section 8 assistance. A total of 68 affordable housing units are at risk of converting to market-rate housing between 1995 and 1999.
To meet the need for affordable rental housing projected over the next five years, the City anticipates an ongoing need for rental assistance for lower income households.
Several aspects of the housing development process that can present barriers to the development of affordable housing are out of the City's control and subject to market forces, such as the cost of construction, the cost of land and supplies and the cost of capital.
The supply of land suitable for residential development is limited. There are few opportunities for redesigning vacant sites in the City from non-residential to residential use as a means of accommodating the projected housing needs. Smaller sites that could possibly be used for residential use are scattered throughout west Anaheim. The capacity and suitability of these sites for multi-family housing in particular, are limited by both their size and compatibility with surrounding land use.
In order to increase the supply of land available for development of affordable housing, the City may examine the possibility of recycling already developed but under-utilized sites for the construction of affordable housing. Also, properties along portions of the City's major roads where commercial investment is marginal may provide land for development of affordable housing.
The City of Anaheim has agreed to affirmatively further fair housing practices.
Of the low and moderate income households in Anaheim, 14,479 are estimated to be living in housing units with potential lead-based paint hazards. Of these households, 86% are renter- households. In general, properties at greater risk than others for lead-based paint hazards include deteriorated units, particularly those with leaky roofs and plumbing and rehabilitated units where unsafe renovation practices were used.
The City contacted the Orange County Health Care Agency Epidemiology Program to identify reported cases of elevated blood levels in Anaheim. Since 1992, there have been 15 reported cases of lead poisoning in the City of Anaheim.
Certain segments of the population may have more difficulties in finding decent, affordable housing due to their special needs. In Anaheim, these "special needs" groups include the elderly, persons with disabilities, persons with drug and/or alcohol addiction and persons with AIDS and related diseases.
The City's elderly population (age 62 or older) is 8% which includes an estimated 740 frail elderly. The estimate of Anaheim residents with some sort of chronic mental illness is 2% or 5,700 persons. The Dayle McIntosh Center for the Disabled estimates that 17% of Anaheim's population, or 45,000 persons, can be considered disabled. The Center assisted 1,340 clients during the 1992-1993 fiscal year with 371 of these persons receiving housing assistance. Orange County Alcohol Abuse estimates that there are 7,000 Anaheim residents with alcohol and/or drug addictions. Orange County Department of Social Services estimates that 171 Anaheim residents have AIDS as of June 30, 1994.
Community Development needs are divided into major categories as follows:
Community Services and Facilities Needs include crime awareness and prevention, youth services and facilities, child-care services and centers, employment training, parks and recreation facilities, neighborhood facilities/community centers, substance abuse services, senior citizens services and centers, services and centers for the disabled/handicapped, transportation services and tenant/landlord and fair housing counseling.
Economic Development Needs include a needs assessment and coordinated activities of various City, County, State and Federal programs as well as programs of private/non-profit entities and educational institutions.
Community Improvement Needs are comprised of street improvements, flood prevention/drainage control, sewer improvements, garbage/trash removal and water service improvements.
Various agencies within the City of Anaheim's Community Development
Department are responsible for coordinating the many community development and
housing activities with other public agencies at all levels of government,
private non-profits, for-profit businesses, community groups and private
citizens.
The "City Vision " is what Anaheim will be like by the year 2000. This vision consists of three basic goals:
Anaheim's five-year housing priorities include:
Anaheim's non-housing community development priorities are geared toward providing livable neighborhoods and strengthening its economy.
The City plans to achieve livable neighborhoods by creating a safe community, encouraging community empowerment, enhancing social and educational services in the community and expanding cultural and recreational facilities. The target areas will be low and moderate income neighborhoods and redevelopment project areas. These livable neighborhood priority needs will be filled through the City's many programs to include code enforcement programs, police programs, crime prevention programs and various neighborhood preservation and social programs.
With regard to strengthening its economy, the City of Anaheim plans to retain and expand tourism, sports, hospitality, commercial, industrial and recreational uses; to create a new "area of excellence" for information technology/telecommunications; to provide a balanced land use policy, strong infrastructure, public utilities and transportation systems; and to provide a positive business environment. This will be accomplished through many City programs and projects, such as small business programs, commercial/industrial upgrade and expansion programs, retail expansion program, residential neighborhood stabilization and engenderment program, infrastructure and public facility improvements, redevelopment and revitalization projects, job training/creation programs and projects, transportation and landscape improvement programs and business incentive programs.
The average poverty threshold for a family of four persons was $12,674 for 1989. In 1990, there were 4,706 families in Anaheim with incomes below the poverty line. This was 7.4% of all families in the City.
The City's neighborhood preservation and revitalization strategy, which is the cornerstone of this Consolidated Plan, is also its anti-poverty strategy. The neighborhood revitalization strategy is designed to address the socio-economic conditions of poverty through a comprehensive set of activities and programs aimed at a particular neighborhood. During the five-year period of this Consolidated Plan, the City intends to focus on targeted neighborhoods.
The City will use an array of programs to address poverty-level conditions in these neighborhoods including environmental enhancement programs, code/law enforcement programs, crime prevention programs, housing rehabilitation programs and job training programs.
The City of Anaheim has been successful in mobilizing and/or securing both financial and regulatory resources to support the implementation of its many programs and projects.
Key resources for the neighborhood revitalization effort will include CDBG funds, redevelopment tax increment set-aside and Federal Rental Rehabilitation program funds. Resources to increase the availability and/or affordability of both new and existing housing will include surplus publicly- owned land, density bonus and senior housing ordinances, tax increment set-aside funds, Section 8 vouchers and certificates, Housing Authority reserves, tax-exempt bonds, low income housing tax credits, Section 202 and Federal HOME and McKinney Act funds.
The Community Development Department of the City of Anaheim, through its
many agencies, will be responsible for the coordination of the Strategic Plan
with other public agencies at all levels of government, private non-profits,
for-profit businesses, community groups and private citizens.
The Action Plan delineates the City of Anaheim's plans for the one year use of funds during Fiscal Year 1995-1996. It describes: 1) the resources available for program implementation; 2) activities to be undertaken; 3) monitoring; 4) homelessness; 5) anti-poverty strategy; and 6) coordination. A description of key projects follows.
| Single Family Rehabilitation Loans-citywide | $200,000 |
| Code Enforcement-CDBG target areas | 940,000 |
| Neighborhood Services Program-citywide | 150,000 |
| Police Gang Enforcement Unit-CDBG target areas | 215,000 |
| Clean-up Campaigns-CDBG target areas | 61,800 |
| Jeffrey-Lynne Comm Ctr-Operational Costs-1633 S Jeffrey St | 80,000 |
| Citron Park Site Acquisition-CDBG target area | 400,000 |
| SANC Comm Ctr Acquisition-CDBG target area | 239,200 |
| Downtown Comm Ctr-200 S Philadelphia St | 1,000,000 |
| Anaheim Blvd Landscaping Project-CDBG target areas | 250,000 |
| Thomas Jefferson School Enhancements-504 E South St | 84,000 |
| Citron St Light Project III-CDBG target area | 200,000 |
| Youth Employment Program-citywide | 200,000 |
| Anaheim Interfaith Shelter-CDBG target area | 40,000 |
| One-Time Rental Assistance Payments Program-citywide | 30,800 |
| Substantial Rehabilitation-Romneya & La Palma | 1,017,000 |
| Tenant Based Rental Assistance-citywide | 170,000 |
| Planning & Administration | 668,700 |
| Contingency-Unprogrammed Funds | 100,000 |
The Community Development Department of the City of Anaheim will administer and monitor the execution and progress of all programs described in the Consolidated Plan. This Department is responsible for completing all Federal and State required plans and reports.
Through the Single Family Rehabilitation Loan Program, 11 households will be assisted. Relocation benefits will be provided to 40 households. The Residential Rebate Program will assist 50 single family housing units. A total of 37,630 housing units will benefit from code enforcement activities. Emergency shelter and support will be available to 1,281 persons who are homeless or have special needs. A total of 50 households consisting of homeless or "at risk"of becoming homeless persons will be assisted through the One-Time Rental Assistance Payments Program. Tenant-based rental assistance will be provided to 27 households and 20 housing units will be substantially rehabilitated.
MAP 2 depicts points of interest and low-moderate income areas.
MAP 3 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, and minority concentration levels.
MAP 4 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, and unemployment levels.
MAP 5 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, unemployment levels, and proposed HUD funded projects.
MAP 6 depicts proposed HUD funded projects at street level for one neighborhood.
Bertha Chavoya
Housing Manager
Phone: (714) 254-4340
