The overall goals of the housing, and community development and planning programs covered by the Consolidated Plan are to strengthen partnerships with other jurisdictions and to extend and strengthen partnerships among all levels of government and the private sector, including for-profit and nonprofit organizations, to enable them to provide decent housing, establish and maintain a suitable living environment, and expand economic opportunities for every American, particularly for low and very low income persons. The Consolidated Plan has required the City of Easton to state in a single document its plan to pursue these goals for all the housing, community development and planning programs. It is these goals against which the CP and the City's performance under the Consolidated Plan will be evaluated by HUD.
This plan includes a 1-year action plan for specific projects using CDBG, HOME, HOPWA, and ESG funds to promote the expansion of the supply of affordable housing, shelter and services for the homeless, and community facilities, services and economic development opportunities.
To assess the housing and community development needs of the City for the Consolidated Plan, in September 1994, the City under took a citizen participation process.
The City distributed information concerning the Consolidated Plan and
solicited input from an extensive list of agencies and non-profits. The City
held a needs hearing on September 14, 1994 and consulted by mail with the Easton
Housing Authority. The City contacted each of the assisted housing providers in
the City and met with City Departments to determine community development
needs. Specific project activity requests were solicited for the 1995 CDBG
Program from non-profits and City departments and a public hearing on needs was
held on September 14, 1994, in City Hall located at 650 Ferry Street. The
meeting was advertised in the Express Times so as to notify as many persons as
possible regarding the City's intent to develop the Plan. The City's past
performance in the CDBG program was discussed at the public hearings. A copy of
the public hearing minutes is available upon request.
Like urban areas throughout the country, the City of Easton's population decreased from 1950 to 1980. This was due to three primary factors: a general trend of out-migration to suburban areas; a general trend of reduced family size; and an overall loss in total dwelling units as a result of urban renewal (neighborhood demolition) activities between 1950 and 1980. The 1990 U.S. Census reported the first population increase in the City since 1950.
The City's median family income has increased at a faster rate than the State's, the average number of persons per household has remained constant and the number of housing units have increase. Although the trends described above give reason for optimism, there are old and new challenges facing the City of Easton. The City's housing stock tends to be older, smaller and less expensive than that of surrounding municipalities. Median housing values have outpaced family and household income thus making housing less affordable to City residents. The City is also concerned about the growing and relatively disproportionate share of rental housing units (48%) in the City.
In the 1990s, the City will seek to pursue housing policies and programs that will continue the positive trends from the 1980s and will meet and overcome the old and new challenges. From 1960 to 1990 the City of Easton experienced a significant population decline of almost 18%. The City's population declined 7.8% in the 1960s and 11.6% in the 1970s. Between 1980 and 1990 the declining trend has reversed with a modest 1% population increase.
Like Easton, the City of Bethlehem also experienced a similar population trend, losing population in the 1960s and 1970s while experiencing a 1.4% increase in the 1980s. The entire Commonwealth experienced population gains since the 1960s.
The City of Easton's minority population increased 43% from 1980 to 1990, comprising 11.2% of the City's population in 1980 and 15.9% in 1990. The City's Hispanic population has grown one and a half times in the 1980s, reaching 1,247 persons in 1990. The number of Asians/Pacific Islanders and Blacks also increased by 60% and 18%, respectively. While the percentage of minorities in each census tract increased from the last decade, there was no significant shift in the proportion of minorities between census tracts.
In 1990 in the City of Easton, the Median Family Income (MFI) for a four person family was calculated at $31,540. The MSA's most recent MFI was $43,000 (4/20/94). In addition to the MFI calculation, the Department of Housing and Urban Development provides statistically derived L/M income calculations. These calculations are important in that they help the communities target certain sources of funding to the areas where concentrations of L/M income families live.
According to the information recently published by HUD, 47.95% of Easton residents were identified as low and moderate income (LMI) with annual incomes of $34,400 or less for a family of four. The City recognizes all census areas whose percentage of LMI persons exceeds 51% as being areas of concentration of LMI persons. The highest percentage of very low income households are found among non-Hispanic blacks, Native Americans and Hispanics of All Races. A relatively large number of Hispanic (All Races) households were classified as other low income (63%).
The median family income (MFI) for the City in 1990, $31,540, was 12% below
the national median income of $35,939 and was 18% behind the
Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton MSA MFI of $38,652.
The City of Easton's housing stock has expanded by 2.2% over the last decade from 10,083 in 1980 to 10,309 in 1990. The City's growth was somewhat less than the State's 7.4% increase; however, given the relatively small amount of land available for new housing construction in the City, the modest gain of 2.2% is encouraging. In comparison with surrounding municipalities, it was found that the City's housing stock is generally older, smaller and less expensive. Despite these factors which would contribute to affordability, Easton residents are paying an increasing percentage of their income for housing. The median housing value in 1990 was $80,500, a $52,600 increase from the 1980 median value of $27,900. This represents a 188% increase over the ten year period. The median family income rose approximately 92% between 1980 and 1990 from $16,398 to $31,540.
During the 1980 to 1990 period, the City experienced some new residential construction. The construction of Canal Park in 1987 and 1988 contributed greatly to the increase. Regionally, a building surge began in 1983, as interest rates declined and the national economy started to rebound from the 1981 to 1982 recession. Higher prices were also associated with this housing boom. As noted earlier, the influx of people from New Jersey contributed to this expansion of the market. The largest housing developments constructed in Easton in the past decade were: The Highlands, a 240 unit single-family development; Canal Park which contains 32 single family units; Rosewood Court, a 7 unit condominium and the conversion of the former Betts Hospital into a 12 unit rental complex with 18 additional units constructed on site. In addition, over 500 units have been granted final plan approval.
The 1980 U.S. Census of the Population for Easton showed a year round housing stock of 10,083 units. Of these, 50% were owner occupied (5,046 units) and 42.8% were renter occupied (4,317 units). There were 720 vacant units; over 7% of the housing stock. The 1990 Census shows an increase to 10,309 in the total number of housing units in Easton. Owner occupancy decreased to 47.5% of the total housing stock (4,899). The number of rental units increased to 4,498 (44.6%). The number of vacant units increased to 912, an increase of 26.4%, representing 8.9% of the City's total 1990 housing stock.
Fifty-two percent of the City's housing stock is owner occupied. This is well below the State average of 70% owner occupancy. Only 32% of the City's minority households own their home.
The housing vacancy rate in 1980 was 2.0% among owner occupied units, 10.1% among rentals. In 1990, the U.S. Census reported an owner vacancy rate of 2.2% with 9.6% among rental units.
According to the CHAS Databook, 15% of the zero and one bedroom owner-occupied units were affordable to households earning 80% of the median income, 50% two bedroom units and 47% three or more bedroom units were affordable to the same group. This indicates that the City's housing market is not affordable to low/moderate income families.
The City defined substandard units in the past based on available Census data, supplied by HUD that related lack of plumbing facilities, units occupied by more than 1.01 persons per room and structures built prior to 1940 valued at under $30,000 and assumed such units to be substandard. Based on this definition and using 1980 Census figures, it was estimated that 2,114 owner occupied and 2,167 renter occupied housing were substandard in 1989. There also were 51 vacant for sale and 221 vacant for rent substandard units in 1989. Many units in the City have been brought up to standard condition since 1989. Therefore, the City relied on the experience of its Department of Planning and Development for an estimate of the number of substandard units.
Units that are defined as substandard but suitable for rehabilitation would be units that do not presently meet the City's housing code standards but can be brought into compliance cost-effectively. If the cost of the repairs does not exceed 90% of the projected market value after rehabilitation, then the unit is suitable for rehabilitation. A majority of all units that are substandard are suitable for rehabilitation.
According to the City's Department of Planning and Development, 20% of the owner and renter units can be classified as substandard. Ninety-eight percent (98%) of these substandard units were suitable for rehabilitation. Based on these figures 980 owner and 900 renter units in the City are substandard and 960 owner and 882 renter units are substandard but suitable for rehabilitation. There has not been any dramatic changes in the number or condition of vacant units since 1989. Therefore, the City will use the same figures for vacant units reported in the 1989 HAP; 51 vacant for sale and 221 vacant for rent were substandard and 48 vacant for sale units and 203 vacant for rent units were substandard but suitable for rehabilitation.
Despite the age of the housing stock, most of the units are in generally good condition. There were only 13 housing units reported in the 1990 Census as lacking complete plumbing facilities and 99 units lacking complete kitchen facilities. However, 43.6% of all renter households reported housing problems and 21.3% of all owner households.
Lead paint is typically found in homes that were constructed prior to 1978 according to the U. S. Department of Housing and Urban Development. Since most of the units in the City of Easton are older, the probability of finding lead paint is high. Lead hazards are present in nearly equal numbers of units affordable to lower income households as higher income households.
Zoning
Public policies and actions affecting the approval of sites and other building requirements used in the approval process for the construction of publicly assisted housing can affect affordable housing choice. Such policies may include, but are not limited to zoning and building codes, and any referendum process that may be required for governmental approvals for the development of low income housing.
Every development that occurs in Easton follows the same zoning and building code review process. Easton's zoning code provides for four types of residential zones - Residential Estate (R-E), Residential Low (R-LD), Medium (R-MD) and High (R-HD) Density. Within each zone there are permitted uses. Other uses may be allowed by Special Exception once it is demonstrated to the Zoning Hearing Board that specific, pre-established conditions have been met. In addition, housing is allowed in certain non-residential zones such as in the Business Retail (B-RT) zone.
In the Residential Estate zone, single family dwellings are permitted on large lots. In the Residential Low Density zone, detached single family and two family residences as well as semi-detached single family homes are permitted. In the Residential Medium Density zone, various types of residential structures are permitted including single family, duplex, semi-detached, and row houses. Multi-family consisting of 1-5 units, apartment structures and Group Homes are permitted in R-MD zone by Special Exception. A majority of the City lies in R-MD zones.
Larger apartment buildings are permitted in the Residential High Density zone along with the other types of residences. The Community Civic & Educational District (C-CE) is another area where housing is permitted by Special Exception.
There is very little land zoned R-LD in the City as this is the way the City had developed. Residential Medium and High Density zones are predominate. The fabric of the City is densely settled with little vacant land. There are few remaining developable tracts of land in any of the residential zones. There are, however, scattered smaller parcels that are suitable for in-fill housing. The infrastructure is in place to serve the existing buildings and is sufficient to serve new development as well.
The City's Zoning Ordinance would not generally be considered to be restrictive. The lot size requirements and variety of housing types are very reasonable. The responses to the questionnaires used for the CHAS needs analysis in 1991 did, however, cite the zoning ordinance of the City as restrictive in terms of developing special needs housing such as group homes.
The City uses the standard accepted building and trade codes common throughout the region. The B.O.C.A. Code is updated on a regular basis. Additionally, the C.A.B.O. code, a one and two family development code sponsored by B.O.C.A., is used for the smaller structures.
Fees and Charges
Escalating costs relating to the provision of infrastructure and the need to enlarge existing facilities to accommodate growth have led communities to assess various fees and charges for new construction such as: tap-in fees for water and sewerage, exactions and/or fees for recreation, and impact fees for transportation improvements.
The City of Easton charges a $1,000 per living unit sewer and water tap-in fee that will be used for future capital improvements that eventually will be required due to additional use of the systems. This fee is generally less than the fees charged by surrounding communities. Other than the customary zoning or subdivision charges that may be required for processing a building plan, the City does not levy any other fees.
Tax Structure
The City of Easton is locked into the Commonwealth's system of taxation by property assessment. This system puts Easton at a significant economic disadvantage to the neighboring communities. Communities must look for tax ratables that require a minimum of public service in order to avoid tax increases. Easton already has the highest tax rate in the area and therefore has a harder time attracting development.
Higher taxes are particularly burdensome to low income homeowners and first-time homebuyers because it raises the cost of owning a home. Higher taxes are also reflected in escalating rental rates or deferred property maintenance. The income stream becomes insufficient to maintain the property and still achieve a worthwhile, economically competitive rate of return.
The Fair Housing Analysis conducted by the City in 1990 cited several areas where the City and other agencies should take action to affirmatively further fair housing. These issues apply to affordable housing and housing for persons with special needs as well.
In addition, the City has taken the following actions:
Over the next five years the City will continue the fair housing activities listed above and will work to expand fair housing actions. The City has addressed the structural barriers to affordable and fair housing over which it has control. Through its support of the Lehigh Valley Coalition on Affordable Housing, the City is involved in advocating reforms in other areas that affect the supply, cost, and availability of housing choices for all residents. Through local and state-wide advocacy, the lending practices, property insurance regulations, and home sales and leasing practices by real estate professionals are being changed.
The Easton Housing Authority owns and operates the public housing and administers the Section 8 program in the City of Easton. There are 600 units of public housing and 248 units of Section 8 rental assistance.
In the Northhampton/Lehigh region there are a total of 11 homeless shelters. The services and overall assistance to the homeless population stretches over this entire region. In Easton itself there are three emergency shelters for the homeless that provide 95 beds.
Transitional shelters provide one month to one year of housing or a transition from an institution to permanent housing. In Easton there is one transitional housing program. The Ferry Street Apartments were constructed by the Valley Housing Development Corporation and the program is run by the Easton Area Neighborhood Center and the YWCA. The building houses 10 families and utilizes Section 8 project based certificates.
Although classified as emergency shelters, the Easton YWCA Bixler House and EANC's Roof Over provide a length of stay and services more typical of transitional living programs. Due to the inability of the shelter guests to find affordable, adequate housing, the length of stay has increased to up to one year for some families.
In addition, there are four other transitional housing facilities in the region.
The needs of the homeless in the Lehigh Valley have been well documented for years. The Lehigh Valley Coalition on Affordable Housing annually produces a Lehigh Valley Shelter Census which provides a profile of homeless individuals and families who received emergency shelter in the Lehigh Valley. As these shelters have been operating at or near capacity for years, the number of individuals served has not changed year by year. However, a record of the waiting lists kept by some of the shelters indicates the growing need for shelter in the Valley.
A single point in time survey of the shelters in the Lehigh Valley was conducted by the Coalition for Affordable Housing. The Coalition asked each shelter to provide statistical information on the shelter guests on the night of July 19, 1993. This process of counting only overnight guests on the one night eliminated the potential for duplication. The purpose of the study was to get a count of shelter guests on a summer night to dispel the myth that homelessness is seasonal.
The three shelters in Easton: Safe Harbor, Easton Area YWCA and Roof-Over reported that on the night of July 19, 1993, they housed 79 guests, including 35 women, 15 men and 29 children. This survey did not count homeless that were unsheltered nor persons that are living with friends or relatives because they do not have housing.
There is a regionalization of the homeless problem in the Lehigh Valley. The search for affordable housing and shelter leads individuals and families on a migratory route between the three principal cities in the Valley as well as the surrounding communities. Therefore, in dealing with the problem of homelessness the whole of the Lehigh Valley must be considered. The data presented in the CHAS is based on the Coalition's annual census for the period January to December, 1992.
Eight of the nine shelters for adults and families in the Lehigh Valley provided data that was used in the Annual Shelter Census. The Allentown Rescue Mission does not collect the required information and was not included in the report. These shelters were identified in the Inventory of Facilities and Services for the Homeless. The total nights of shelter provided by these facilities in 1992 was 78,502, an increase of 21% from the prior year. The shelter nights include an unduplicated count of the 2,499 men, women and children who were provided shelter.
There is no significant change expected in the population over the next five years. Therefore, no significant change in the needs of the City are anticipated. The economy of Easton is linked to that of its neighbors, particularly the State of New Jersey. The slow economy puts a damper on the housing market in Easton. Another large influx of people to the area is not expected in the next five years.
The City is relatively built out with new housing development opportunities
available in only a few areas. The majority of the City's housing stock is in
relatively good condition, but a number of housing units do need rehabilitation.
Economic development initiatives are being implemented in the City's Central
Business District and Enterprise Zone. To maintain the attractiveness of the
City as a place to live and work, affordable housing assistance initiatives
across Easton will be continued and enhanced as funding is made available.
PRIORITY #1: Upgrade the existing owner-occupied housing stock.
The City has an on-going rehabilitation program for owner occupied units. However, the available resources have not been sufficient to adequately address rehabilitation needs. Although the City's rehabilitation efforts have significantly improved the overall condition of the owner and occupied housing stock, over 71% of the City's housing stock is over fifty (50) years old. Therefore deterioration of the City's housing is likely to continue. The Planning Director stated that existing resources will not meet the increasing demand for moderate rehabilitation assistance.
The existing rehabilitation program has targeted assistance to very low, low and moderate income households, which include minorities, female headed households, elderly and handicapped individuals. It is imperative that the City continue to preserve and upgrade its housing stock to provide safe, decent and affordable housing for the very low, low and moderate income persons.
Twenty percent (20%) of the City's owner-occupied housing stock has been identified as substandard, 98% of which is suitable for rehabilitation. In addition, due to the age of housing, the potential lead hazard threatens approximately three-fourths of all housing units. The need for a rehabilitation program is also evidenced by the number of lower income households with housing problems, be they cost burdened or structural. Once maintenance is delayed, more major and costly problems arise. If a family is cost burdened in meeting its minimal housing obligations, it is all the more likely that funds will not be available for rehabilitation. There were 1,907 lower income homeowners, of which 755 were experiencing housing problems.
PRIORITY #2: Provide housing opportunities for first time low and moderate income homebuyers; and support services to all homeowners
Most would be first time homebuyers are experiencing difficulty purchasing a home. The reason is two-fold: 1) first time buyers are having difficulty saving enough money for a downpayment and closing costs; and 2) many median priced homes in the City require at least minimal repairs.
The City has experienced a gradual increase in the number of renters in occupied housing units. In 1980, the owner/renter ratio was 50/43 and in 1990, 48/45. The increase in the number of renters is of concern to City Officials. Homeownership establishes permanence and fosters a sense of pride in the community.
The primary beneficiaries of this priority will be low and moderate income renters. Approximately one-half of the vacant owner units available for sale were not affordable to households with incomes between 51% - 80% of the median. None of these same units were affordable to households below 50% of the median.
PRIORITY #3: Provide tenant based rental assistance program to residents who are cost burdened, i.e. those paying more than 30% of their income.
The need for rental assistance was mentioned throughout the section on needs of the elderly, small and large families, minorities, female headed households and the handicapped, especially those with very low income.
The City of Easton is fortunate in that it has an established network of support organizations in the City and Lehigh Valley that have provided assistance to residents in emergency housing situations. However, because homeless persons do not receive a Federal preference on the public and assisted housing waiting lists, rental assistance should be available to the homeless populations.
The largest group in need of rental assistance is the group of the City's population which is classified as "At-Risk", which is defined as families or individuals experiencing or being threatened by homelessness or temporary homelessness.
Further evidence of the need for rental assistance is the growing gap between affordable rent levels and the rents that the market demands. There are 2,809 lower income households that rent their units, of which 1,733 are cost burdened by paying more than 30% of their income for rent.
PRIORITY #4: Assist in the new construction and substantial rehabilitation of housing for very low and low income persons (especially elderly and small families).
Elderly households and small families should be the target beneficiaries of this program. It has been demonstrated, by reviewing the waiting lists for subsidized housing, that these groups are in need of assistance. As the average family size decreases, the needs of the small family group will increase. Elderly households should be targeted for under this program.
Because of the scarcity of developable land, funding for substantial rehabilitation (in excess of $25,000 per unit) is needed to provide additional low income rental housing via conversions. The conversion of vacant commercial buildings is an excellent alternative for the provision of affordable rental housing.
It should be recognized that financing an affordable housing project will require substantial subsidies. Due to the income characteristics of its occupants, the rental stream is insufficient to retire large amounts of debt. Most new construction/substantial rehab projects require a blending of equity, conventional debt financing, Section 8 project based assistance and public sector grants or "soft second" loans. The City can utilize CDBG, HOME and State programs to undertake a substantial rehabilitation program.
The City should address this priority as vacant land and/or vacant commercial buildings become available. Any new construction or substantial rehabilitation will be targeted to the very low and low income households.
There is a need for housing alternatives for elderly homeowners that may seek to disinvest in housing due to the cost and work required to maintain a large home. Also, many elderly renter households are ill housed for a number of reasons. Alternative housing choices, particularly for the low income elderly are few. There were nearly 307 elderly owner-occupied households that are cost burdened and 483 cost burdened renter-occupied elderly households. Large families are experiencing a high degree of overcrowding and the availability of affordable 3 or more bedroom rental units is limited.
New construction may also be used to provide units for first-time homebuyers.
There is very limited land for new construction. New construction and substantial rehabilitation projects require a great deal of expertise. There are only several known agencies/organizations with extensive experience in the development of affordable housing.
PRIORITY #5: Upgrade the existing renter-occupied housing units.
As with owner-occupied housing in the City of Easton, there is a need for rehabilitation and the preservation of the renter-occupied housing stock. Many of the 4,498 occupied rental units were constructed prior to 1940. The public housing stock of the Easton Housing Authority is also quite old. With few exceptions, the units were constructed prior to 1950. Many of the units have been modernized, but the units in several developments still require rehabilitation.
Lack of interest among landlords to participate in the Rental Rehabilitation program.
PRIORITY #6: Maintain and encourage services to foster affordable independent living, particularly for households that are cost burdened and at-risk, including special needs populations.
As identified in the Community Profile, much of the cost burdened at-risk population of Easton is vulnerable to economic and employability conditions which limit their housing choices in addition to their ability to remain adequately housed. Needed services include case management, job training, child care, and transportation. Participants in the implementation could include the City of Easton public and private sources and service providers throughout the region. Resources to be utilized are private and public funds.
Those persons "at-risk" are most in need of these services and special facilities.
PRIORITY #7: Homeless Needs
The City will encourage the local service providers to pursue all available funding for supportive services and programs that aid families and individuals achieve independent living skills and provide transitional and supportive housing and programs to prevent homelessness. Non-profit housing developers will be encouraged to link up with social service agencies that serve persons with special needs to develop assisted and supportive housing.
There are many organizations throughout the Lehigh Valley that provide these services. The City of Easton supports these efforts.
Although first priority was given to Support Facilities and Services and to Rental Assistance, the City was instrumental in getting the Safe Harbor Emergency Shelter built and in securing funds for the expansion of the YWCA's Roof-Over shelter. The City recognizes that there is a need for shelter and services to help people get off the streets. Assisted housing funds are limited and the waiting lists are long even for families with a federal preference. Homelessness does not expedite receipt of housing assistance.
The City will attempt to expand the supply of permanent affordable housing for the homeless population. This, in turn, will reduce the burden on the existing shelter network. Priority #3 - Rental Assistance and Priority #4 - New Construction/Substantial Rehabilitation are two viable ways to expand the supply of housing.
Funding through the Emergency Shelter Grant, Supportive Housing and other programs are available for the development of transitional and/or emergency shelters for the homeless. Efforts by local non-profits to pursue these sources of funds will be supported by the City.
Refer to Priority #6. The City will support efforts of the local service providers to secure funding to help the homeless make the transition to permanent housing.
PRIORITY #8: Community Development Needs
The primary goal for the City is to upgrade public facilities and promote economic development. The City is seeking to stabilize neighborhoods and the tax base of the City through revitalization of basic infrastructure such as parks, streets, and utilities. The Community Development Block Grant Program is one tool for realizing this goal.
The most obvious economic development need in the City continues to be the revitalization of the Downtown to provide jobs for residents and stabilize the tax base. The lack of readily developable industrially zoned land within the City makes industrial growth difficult. However, the City should make every effort to encourage existing industrial concerns to expand and to fill vacant industrial sites. The City's Enterprise Zone Program provides supplemental financing to address specific site development issues in this designated area. This program also enhances the potential for receiving additional funding from other State programs. Additional funds from the Enterprise Zone program for business loans are also available.
The Short Term objectives are those which can reasonably be expected to be carried out within a Two-year period. These objectives are being outlined to reflect the City's programming of CDBG funds in the near term:
The following long term objectives are set forth for the City's Community Development Plan:
Activities to be Undertaken in 1995 to Address Priority Needs and Local Objectives:
The City's one year strategy and action plan sets the annual goals based on the five year strategy. The one year goals represent activities that are expected to occur in upcoming Fiscal Year. The City will monitor and modify strategy performance and set annual goals in future fiscal years accordingly.
The following table represents a narrative description of the priorities to be addressed using CDBG program funds.
| Project Activity | Budgeted Amount | |
|---|---|---|
| Project Easton - Literacy Program Operating Center | $12,550 | |
| EANC-Dutchtown Center | 59,050 | |
| St. Anthony's-Handicapped Access | 8,500 | |
| CACLV- Housing First Time Homebuyer Admin. | 5,000 | |
| EEDC-Operating Costs | 50,000 | |
| ERA - Housing Rehabilitation | 75,000 | |
| ERA - 108 Loan Repayment | 170,000 | |
| ERA - Facade Restoration | 75,000 | |
| ERA - Administrative Costs | 130,000 | |
| Street Overlay Program | 160,000 | |
| Special Clean-up | 50,000 | |
| Emergency Clearance Activities | 34,950 | |
| Code Enforcement | 160,000 | |
| Neighborhood Police Patrol | 97,950 | |
| Planning and Capacity Building | 47,000 | |
| TOTAL 1995 CDBG Budget: | $1,135,000 |
In addressing the Priority Homeless Needs outline in the previous section of this document, the City of Easton will provide 1995 CDBG funds for various public services, such as the Project Easton- Literacy Program, and the Easton Area Neighborhood Center. These services are available to the homeless population in Easton.
MAP 2 depicts points of interest and low-moderate income areas.
MAP 3 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, and minority concentration levels.
MAP 4 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, and unemployment levels.
MAP 5 depicts points of interest, low-moderate income areas, unemployment levels, and proposed HUD funded projects.
MAP 6 depicts streets and proposed HUD funded projects for one neighborhood; in addition, a table provides information about the project(s).
