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Places Left Behind: Data Charts
Table 2: Seventeen Northeast Central Cities Have Unacceptably High Unemployment.
Northeast Central Cities with 1998 Unemployment
Rate of 6.8 Percent or More
|
|
Avg. Ann. Unemployment Rate |
City |
State |
1992 |
1998 |
Lawrence |
MA |
14.4% |
8.5% |
New Bedford |
MA |
14.8% |
8.1% |
Atlantic City |
NJ |
17.4% |
13.4% |
Camden |
NJ |
24.3% |
12.9% |
Jersey City |
NJ |
13.7% |
9.0% |
Millville |
NJ |
10.6% |
7.7% |
Newark |
NJ |
16.6% |
9.6% |
Trenton |
NJ |
13.7% |
8.8% |
Vineland |
NJ |
11.8% |
8.7% |
Buffalo |
NY |
12.2% |
8.5% |
New York |
NY |
11.0% |
8.0% |
Newburgh |
NY |
13.4% |
7.2% |
Niagara Falls |
NY |
13.0% |
10.2% |
Erie |
PA |
9.7% |
7.1% |
Johnstown |
PA |
12.5% |
8.9% |
Wilkes-Barre |
PA |
9.9% |
7.1% |
Williamsport |
PA |
9.3% |
7.0% |
Table 3: Thirty-Eight Northeast Central Cities Had Significant Population Loss from 1980 to 1998.
Northeast Central Cities with Significant Population Decline 1980-1998
|
|
Population |
|
|
Change in Population |
|
|
City |
State |
1980 |
1990 |
1998 |
1980 to 1990 |
1990 to 1998 |
1980 to 1998 |
New London |
CT |
28,842 |
28,540 |
23,869 |
-1.0% |
-16.4% |
-17.2% |
Norwich |
CT |
38,074 |
37,391 |
34,931 |
-1.8% |
-6.6% |
-8.3% |
Lewiston |
ME |
40,481 |
39,757 |
36,186 |
-1.8% |
-9.0% |
-10.6% |
Holyoke |
MA |
44,678 |
43,704 |
40,964 |
-2.2% |
-6.3% |
-8.3% |
Pittsfield |
MA |
51,974 |
48,622 |
45,513 |
-6.4% |
-6.4% |
-12.4% |
Atlantic City |
NJ |
40,199 |
37,986 |
38,063 |
-5.5% |
0.2% |
-5.3% |
Bayonne |
NJ |
65,047 |
61,444 |
61,051 |
-5.5% |
-0.6% |
-6.1% |
Newark |
NJ |
329,248 |
275,221 |
267,823 |
-16.4% |
-2.7% |
-18.7% |
Trenton |
NJ |
92,124 |
88,675 |
84,494 |
-3.7% |
-4.7% |
-8.3% |
Albany |
NY |
101,727 |
101,082 |
94,305 |
-0.6% |
-6.7% |
-7.3% |
Auburn |
NY |
32,548 |
31,258 |
29,145 |
-4.0% |
-6.8% |
-10.5% |
Binghamton |
NY |
55,860 |
53,008 |
46,760 |
-5.1% |
-11.8% |
-16.3% |
Buffalo |
NY |
357,870 |
328,123 |
300,717 |
-8.3% |
-8.4% |
-16.0% |
Elmira |
NY |
35,327 |
33,724 |
31,367 |
-4.5% |
-7.0% |
-11.2% |
Glens Falls |
NY |
15,897 |
15,023 |
14,497 |
-5.5% |
-3.5% |
-8.8% |
Jamestown |
NY |
35,775 |
34,681 |
32,166 |
-3.1% |
-7.3% |
-10.1% |
Niagara Falls |
NY |
71,384 |
61,840 |
56,768 |
-13.4% |
-8.2% |
-20.5% |
Poughkeepsie |
NY |
29,757 |
28,844 |
27,669 |
-3.1% |
-4.1% |
-7.0% |
Rochester |
NY |
241,741 |
231,636 |
216,887 |
-4.2% |
-6.4% |
-10.3% |
Rome |
NY |
43,826 |
44,350 |
39,792 |
1.2% |
-10.3% |
-9.2% |
Schenectady |
NY |
67,972 |
65,566 |
61,698 |
-3.5% |
-5.9% |
-9.2% |
Syracuse |
NY |
170,105 |
163,860 |
152,215 |
-3.7% |
-7.1% |
-10.5% |
Troy |
NY |
56,638 |
54,269 |
51,320 |
-4.2% |
-5.4% |
-9.4% |
Utica |
NY |
75,632 |
68,637 |
59,334 |
-9.2% |
-13.6% |
-21.5% |
Altoona |
PA |
57,078 |
51,881 |
49,226 |
-9.1% |
-5.1% |
-13.8% |
Erie |
PA |
119,123 |
108,718 |
102,640 |
-8.7% |
-5.6% |
-13.8% |
Harrisburg |
PA |
53,264 |
52,376 |
49,502 |
-1.7% |
-5.5% |
-7.1% |
Johnstown |
PA |
35,496 |
28,134 |
25,390 |
-20.7% |
-9.8% |
-28.5% |
Lebanon |
PA |
25,711 |
24,800 |
23,442 |
-3.5% |
-5.5% |
-8.8% |
Philadelphia |
PA |
1,688,210 |
1,585,577 |
1,436,287 |
-6.1% |
-9.4% |
-14.9% |
Pittsburgh |
PA |
423,938 |
369,879 |
340,520 |
-12.8% |
-7.9% |
-19.7% |
Reading |
PA |
78,686 |
78,380 |
74,762 |
-0.4% |
-4.6% |
-5.0% |
Scranton |
PA |
88,117 |
81,805 |
74,683 |
-7.2% |
-8.7% |
-15.2% |
Sharon |
PA |
19,057 |
17,493 |
16,373 |
-8.2% |
-6.4% |
-14.1% |
Wilkes-Barre |
PA |
51,551 |
47,523 |
42,828 |
-7.8% |
-9.9% |
-16.9% |
Williamsport |
PA |
33,401 |
31,933 |
29,891 |
-4.4% |
-6.4% |
-10.5% |
York |
PA |
44,619 |
42,192 |
39,978 |
-5.4% |
-5.2% |
-10.4% |
Woonsocket |
RI |
45,914 |
43,877 |
41,034 |
-4.4% |
-6.5% |
-10.6% |
Source: Bureau of the Census
NOTE: These central cities had a population loss of 5 percent or greater between 1980-1998.
Table 4: Thirty-Six Central Cities in the Northeast Have High Poverty.
Poverty Rate 1989 and Poverty Rate Estimates 1993 and 1995 for
Northeast Central Cities with Estimated Poverty Rate 1995 >/= 20 Percent
|
|
Poverty |
Estimated Poverty Rate |
City |
State |
Rate 1989 |
1993 |
1995 |
Hartford |
CT |
27.5% |
38.3% |
35.2% |
New Haven |
CT |
21.3% |
28.6% |
26.4% |
Holyoke |
MA |
25.7% |
29.1% |
28.7% |
Lawrence |
MA |
27.5% |
37.5% |
30.3% |
Lowell |
MA |
18.0% |
25.2% |
23.4% |
New Bedford |
MA |
16.8% |
21.8% |
20.1% |
Springfield |
MA |
20.1% |
22.5% |
22.0% |
Atlantic City |
NJ |
25.0% |
34.5% |
29.9% |
Bridgeton |
NJ |
25.1% |
31.7% |
29.5% |
Camden |
NJ |
36.6% |
49.2% |
44.2% |
Jersey City |
NJ |
18.9% |
23.0% |
21.8% |
Newark |
NJ |
26.3% |
35.3% |
30.5% |
Trenton |
NJ |
18.1% |
23.2% |
20.9% |
Binghamton |
NY |
20.0% |
24.3% |
26.8% |
Buffalo |
NY |
25.6% |
32.8% |
29.6% |
Elmira |
NY |
22.2% |
26.3% |
25.4% |
Jamestown |
NY |
18.7% |
23.9% |
22.9% |
Newburgh |
NY |
26.2% |
34.3% |
31.5% |
New York |
NY |
19.3% |
24.4% |
23.7% |
Niagara Falls |
NY |
18.6% |
22.9% |
22.0% |
Poughkeepsie |
NY |
14.7% |
23.5% |
23.6% |
Rochester |
NY |
23.5% |
27.3% |
28.3% |
Syracuse |
NY |
22.7% |
26.5% |
26.5% |
Utica |
NY |
21.7% |
27.2% |
27.4% |
Erie |
PA |
19.3% |
21.3% |
20.4% |
Harrisburg |
PA |
27.0% |
32.3% |
28.2% |
Johnstown |
PA |
26.9% |
29.6% |
27.4% |
Lancaster |
PA |
20.9% |
26.1% |
22.0% |
Philadelphia |
PA |
20.3% |
26.5% |
23.8% |
Pittsburgh |
PA |
21.4% |
23.3% |
20.2% |
Reading |
PA |
19.4% |
28.3% |
22.7% |
Sharon |
PA |
18.8% |
23.1% |
21.3% |
State College |
PA |
45.4% |
23.5% |
21.8% |
Williamsport |
PA |
21.1% |
25.6% |
23.0% |
York |
PA |
20.3% |
28.0% |
23.1% |
Providence |
RI |
23.0% |
29.5% |
27.9% |
Source: Bureau of the Census
NOTE: “High poverty” central cities had a 1989 poverty rate of 20 percent or more.
Table 6: Most Central Cities in the Northeast Region that Show Unacceptably High Unemployment Are Small or Mid-Sized.
Northeast Central City Unemployment Rate by Population Size
|
All Cities |
Small Cities Less Than 50,000 |
Mid-Sized Cities 50,000 to 100,000 |
Larger Cities 100,000 to 500,000 |
Largest Cities 500,000 or More |
Unemployment Rate |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
6.8% or higher |
17 |
19.3% |
6 |
15.0% |
6 |
22.2% |
4 |
22.2% |
1 |
33.3% |
4.5% to 6.8% |
36 |
40.9% |
16 |
40.0% |
10 |
37.0% |
9 |
50.0% |
1 |
33.3% |
Less than 4.5% |
35 |
39.8% |
18 |
45.0% |
11 |
40.7% |
5 |
27.8% |
1 |
33.3% |
Total |
88 |
100.0% |
40 |
100.0% |
27 |
100.0% |
18 |
100.0% |
3 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
NOTE: “Unacceptably higher” is defined as 6.8 percent or higher (that is, 50 percent or more above the national average rate of 4.5 percent in 1998).
Table 7: Most Central Cities in the Northeast Region that Show Significant, Long-Run Population Loss Are Small or Mid-Sized.
Population Change in Northeast Central Cities by Population Size 1980-1998
|
All Cities |
|
Small Cities Less Than 50,000 |
|
Mid-Sized Cities 50,000 to 100,000 |
|
Larger Cities 100,000 to 500,000 |
|
Largest Cities 500,000 or More |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population Change 1980-1998 |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Decline 5% or More |
37 |
40.2% |
22 |
50.0% |
8 |
29.6% |
6 |
33.3% |
1 |
33.3% |
Decline Less Than 5% |
24 |
26.1% |
6 |
13.6% |
11 |
40.7% |
6 |
33.3% |
1 |
33.3% |
Increase |
31 |
33.7% |
16 |
36.4% |
8 |
29.6% |
6 |
33.3% |
1 |
33.3% |
Total |
92 |
100.0% |
44 |
100.0% |
27 |
100.0% |
18 |
100.0% |
3 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of the Census
NOTE: “Significant” is defined as a loss of 50 percent or more over the period.
Table 8: Most High-Poverty Central Cities in the Northeast Region are Small or Mid-Sized.
Number of High-Poverty Northeast Central Cities by Population Size
|
All Cities |
|
Small Cities Less Than 50,000 |
|
Mid-Sized Cities 50,000 to 100,000 |
|
Larger Cities 100,000 to 500,000 |
|
Largest Cities 500,000 or More |
|
Estimated Poverty |
Rate 1995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
20% or Higher |
36 |
39.1% |
14 |
31.8% |
8 |
29.6% |
12 |
66.7% |
2 |
66.7% |
13.8% to 20% |
25 |
27.2% |
12 |
27.3% |
8 |
29.6% |
4 |
22.2% |
1 |
33.3% |
Less than 13.8% |
31 |
33.7% |
18 |
40.9% |
11 |
40.7% |
2 |
11.1% |
0 |
0.0% |
Total |
92 |
100.0% |
44 |
100.0% |
27 |
100.0% |
18 |
100.0% |
3 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of the Census, Estimates by HUD
NOTE: “High poverty” is defined as 50 percent or more above the national rate for 1995—that is, a rate of 20 percent or higher.
Table 9: Among the Regions, the Northeast is Second Only to the West in Percentage of Central Cities with Unacceptably High Unemployment.
Central City Unemployment Rate 1998 by Region
|
All Cities |
|
Northeast |
|
Midwest |
|
South |
|
West |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unemployment Rate |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
6.8 % or higher |
98 |
19.1% |
17 |
19.3% |
23 |
18.1% |
32 |
16.9% |
26 |
23.9% |
4.5% to 6.8% |
160 |
31.2% |
36 |
40.9% |
34 |
26.8% |
51 |
27.0% |
39 |
35.8% |
Less than 4.5% |
255 |
49.7% |
35 |
39.8% |
70 |
55.1% |
106 |
56.1% |
44 |
40.4% |
Total |
513 |
100.0% |
88 |
100.0% |
127 |
100.0% |
189 |
100.0% |
109 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics
NOTE: “Unacceptably high” is defined as 50 percent or more above the national average rate of 4.5 percent in 1998—that is, an unemployment rate of 6.8 percent or higher that year.
Table 10: Among the Regions, the Northeast is Second Only to the Midwest in Percentage of Central Cities with Significant, Long-Run Population Loss Over the Past Two Decades.
Population Change in Central Cities by Region 1980-1998
|
All Cities |
|
Northeast |
|
Midwest |
|
South |
|
West |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Population Change 1980-1998 |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Decline 5% or More |
131 |
24.3% |
37 |
40.2% |
53 |
40.5% |
40 |
19.6% |
1 |
0.9% |
Decline Less Than 5% |
54 |
10.0% |
24 |
26.1% |
13 |
9.9% |
16 |
7.8% |
1 |
0.9% |
Increase |
354 |
65.7% |
31 |
33.7% |
65 |
49.6% |
148 |
72.5% |
112 |
98.2% |
Total |
539 |
100.0% |
92 |
100.0% |
131 |
100.0% |
204 |
100.0% |
114 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of the Census
NOTE: “Significant” is defined as a loss of 5 percent or more during 1980-1998.
Table 11: Among the Regions, the Northeast is Second Only to the South in Percentage of Central Cities with High Poverty Rates.
Number of High-Poverty Central Cities by Region
|
All Cities |
|
Northeast |
|
Midwest |
|
South |
|
West |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Poverty Rate 1995 |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
20% or Higher |
171 |
31.5% |
36 |
39.1% |
24 |
18.3% |
87 |
42.6% |
24 |
20.9% |
13.8% to 20% |
199 |
36.7% |
25 |
27.2% |
50 |
38.2% |
77 |
37.7% |
47 |
40.9% |
Less than 13.8% |
172 |
31.7% |
31 |
33.7% |
57 |
43.5% |
40 |
19.6% |
44 |
38.3% |
Total |
542 |
100.0% |
92 |
100.0% |
131 |
100.0% |
204 |
100.0% |
115 |
100.0% |
Source: Bureau of the Census, City Estimates by HUD
NOTE: “High poverty” is defined as 50 percent or more above the national rate for 1995—that is, a rate of 20 percent or higher.
Table 12: The Northeast Leads the Nation's Regions in Percentage of Central Cities Facing “Double Trouble.”
Number of Doubly-Burdened Central Cities by Region
|
All Cities |
|
Northeast |
|
Midwest |
|
South |
|
West |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Doubly-Burdened Cities |
75 |
13.8% |
15 |
16.3% |
21 |
16.0% |
25 |
12.3% |
14 |
12.2% |
All Other Cities |
467 |
86.2% |
77 |
83.7% |
110 |
84.0% |
179 |
87.7% |
101 |
87.8% |
Total |
542 |
100.0% |
92 |
100.0% |
131 |
100.0% |
204 |
100.0% |
115 |
100.0% |
Sources: Bureau of Labor Statistics; Bureau of the Census
NOTE: “Double trouble” is defined as unacceptably high unemployment, plus either significant, long-run population loss or high poverty, or both.
Table 13: Although the Northeast Has Benefited Significantly from America's Economic Expansion, Long-run Trends Place It Among the Hardest Hit of America's Regions.
Selected Indicators for Central Cities and Remainder of Regions, by Region
|
Northeast |
|
Midwest |
|
South |
|
West |
|
|
Central Cities |
Remainder* |
Central Cities |
Remainder* |
Central Cities |
Remainder* |
Central Cities |
Remainder* |
Population Change |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1980 to 1990 |
0.4% |
4.9% |
-2.2% |
2.9% |
8.2% |
15.6% |
22.0% |
22.5% |
1990 to 1998 |
-2.0% |
3.6% |
0.0% |
7.6% |
7.3% |
13.5% |
11.3% |
15.8% |
1980 to 1998 |
-1.7% |
8.6% |
-2.3% |
10.7% |
16.1% |
31.2% |
35.8% |
41.8% |
Poverty Rate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1989 |
18.6% |
6.8% |
19.2% |
9.1% |
19.2% |
14.3% |
14.9% |
11.2% |
1993* |
23.5% |
8.4% |
22.0% |
9.5% |
22.3% |
15.3% |
19.3% |
13.6% |
1995* |
22.0% |
7.6% |
18.7% |
8.2% |
20.7% |
14.3% |
18.0% |
12.8% |
Unemployment Rate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1992 |
10.3% |
7.3% |
8.1% |
6.1% |
7.7% |
7.1% |
8.4% |
8.1% |
1998 |
6.7% |
3.8% |
4.6% |
3.4% |
4.7% |
4.2% |
5.4% |
5.3% |
Sources: Bureau of the Census; Bureau of Labor Statistics
*NOTE: Poverty rates for 1993 and 1995 are estimated. “Remainder” includes suburbs and nonmetropolitan areas.
Content Archived: January 20, 2009
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